Search results for "Reaction path"

showing 10 items of 17 documents

Quantitative models of hydrothermal fluid–mineral reaction: The Ischia case

2013

Abstract The intricate pathways of fluid–mineral reactions occurring underneath active hydrothermal systems are explored in this study by applying reaction path modelling to the Ischia case study. Ischia Island, in Southern Italy, hosts a well-developed and structurally complex hydrothermal system which, because of its heterogeneity in chemical and physical properties, is an ideal test sites for evaluating potentialities/limitations of quantitative geochemical models of hydrothermal reactions. We used the EQ3/6 software package, version 7.2b, to model reaction of infiltrating waters (mixtures of meteoric water and seawater in variable proportions) with Ischia’s reservoir rocks (the Mount Ep…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesGeochemistryMineralogyengineering.material010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesHydrothermal circulationHydrothermal systemGeochemistry and PetrologyMount Epomeo Green TuffPlagioclaseHydrothermal fluidIschia Island Reaction path modelling EQ3/60105 earth and related environmental sciencesMineralSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia13. Climate actionMeteoric waterengineeringPhenocrystSeawaterIschiaSaturation (chemistry)Clay mineralsGeologyGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
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Reaction path models of magmatic gas scrubbing

2016

Gas-water-rock reactions taking place within volcano-hosted hydrothermal systems scrub reactive, water-soluble species (sulfur, halogens) from the magmatic gas phase, and as such play a major control on the composition of surface gas manifestations. A number of quantitative models of magmatic gas scrubbing have been proposed in the past, but no systematic comparison of model results with observations from natural systems has been carried out, to date. Here, we present the results of novel numerical simulations, in which we initialized models of hydrothermal gas-water-rock at conditions relevant to Icelandic volcanism. We focus on Iceland as an example of a "wet" volcanic region where scrubb…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesIcelandMineralogychemistry.chemical_elementVolcanism010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesHydrothermal circulationGas phaseHydrothermal systemGeochemistry and PetrologyReaction path0105 earth and related environmental sciencesgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryEQ3/6GeologyGas emissionsGas-water-rock interactionSulfurMagmatic gas scrubbing; Gas-water-rock interaction; EQ3/6; Hydrothermal systems; IcelandMagmatic gas scrubbingSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E VulcanologiachemistryVolcano13. Climate actionGeologyData scrubbing
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The Zwitterion [8,8′-μ-CH2O(CH3)-(1,2-C2B9H10)2-3,3′-Co]0 as a Versatile Building Block To Introduce Cobalt Bis(Dicarbollide) Ion into Organic Molecu…

2012

The synthesis of a new bridged [8,8′-μ-CH2O(CH3)-(1,2-C2B9H10)2-3,3′-Co]0 derivative (2), arising from the acid-catalyzed reaction of cobalt bis(1,2-dicarbollide)(1−) ion with formaldehyde, is reported. The proposed reaction path is supported by the isolation of side products including two zwitterionic compounds, the known bridged [8,8′-μ-(CH3O)-(1,2-C2B9H10)2-3,3′-Co]0 derivative (3), the new zwitterion [(8-(CH3)2O-1,2-C2B9H10)-(1′,2′-C2B9H11)-3,3′-Co]0 (4), and two anionic compounds—the known [(8,8′-Cl2-1,2-C2B9H10)2-3,3′-Co]− and the newly characterized dimethoxy derivative [(8,8′-(CH3O)2-1,2-C2B9H10)2-3,3′-Co]− of the cobalt bis(dicarbollide) ion. Compound 2 serves as a versatile buildi…

ChemistryOrganic ChemistryFormaldehydechemistry.chemical_elementBlock (periodic table)Organic moleculesIonInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundZwitterionPolymer chemistryReaction pathPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCobaltOrganometallics
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Medical Geochemistry

2013

Preface.- How trace element contents in bronchoalveolar lavages can probe the human exposure to inhaled particulates.- Geochemistry and Biochemistry - insights into the fate and transport of Pt-based chemotherapy drugs.- Atmospheric Particulate Matter (PM) in the Middle East: Toxicity, trans-boundary transport and influence of synoptic conditions.- Reaction path modeling: theoretical aspects and applications.- An observation on the composition of urinary calculi: environment influence.- Magnetite minerals in the human brain: what's their role?.- Chemometrics and Medical Geochemistry: A brief tutorial.- Dust, metals and metalloids in the environment: from air to hair.- Metal Geochemistry of …

Chemotherapy DrugsEnvironmental chemistryGeochemistry medical geochemistryTrace element compositionGeochemistryTrace elementHuman boneMetalloidGeological materialsReaction pathParticulatesGeology
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Comparative electrochemical treatments of two chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons. Time course of the main reaction by-products.

2011

The chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons conjugate toxicity with high chemical stability, bioaccumulation and long-range diffusivity. Chloroethanes are particularly ubiquitous in the industry and in household products, and their entry to the environment may entail potential risks for the living beings. At present, the US Environmental Protection Agency is carrying out the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP), where 1,2-dichloroethane (DCA) and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TCA) are considered as priorities for their potential effects on the endocrine system. DCA is also found in the list of priority substances drawn up by the European Commission. To avoid the release of chloroethanes int…

Environmental EngineeringTime FactorsFormic acidHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisOxalic acidInorganic chemistryReaction pathway1122-Tetrachloroethanechemistry.chemical_element12-DichloroethaneAcetatesElectrochemistryOrganochlorinated pollutant1122-Tetrachloroethane.Chemistry Techniques AnalyticalDiffusionchemistry.chemical_compound12-DichloroethaneElectrochemical water treatment technologieOxidizing agentChlorineElectrochemistryHydrocarbons ChlorinatedEnvironmental ChemistryEthylene DichloridesWaste Management and DisposalElectrodesEthaneAqueous solutionDichloroacetic Acid1122-TetrachloroethaneEquipment DesignHydrogen PeroxidePollutionOxygenchemistryElectro-FentonChlorineJournal of hazardous materials
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Ruthenium‐assisted tellurium abstraction in bis(thiophen‐2‐yl) ditelluride

2023

The reaction of [RuCl2(CO)3]2 and Te2Tpn2 (Tpn = thiophen-2-yl, C4H3S) in the absence of light resulted in the formation of cct-[RuCl2(CO)2(TeTpn2)2] (1) [cis(Cl)-cis(CO)-trans(TeTpn2)] and TeTpn2 (2) together with the precipitation of tellurium. The complex 1 and the monotelluride 2 were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The decomposition of Te2Tpn2 to TeTpn2 has been monitored by 125Te NMR spectroscopy and seemed to be faster than the ligand substitution in [RuCl2(CO)3]2 by TeTpn2. A catalytic cycle is proposed for the decomposition of Te2Tpn2 to TeTpn2 based on the PBE0-D3/def2-TZVP calculations. peerReviewed

Inorganic Chemistrycrystal structurestelluuriBis(thiophen-2-yl) ditellanedicarbonyldichloridobis[bis(thiophen-2-yl)tellane]rutheniumreaction pathwaykompleksiyhdisteetorganometalliyhdisteettellurium abstraction
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CO Oxidation on Cationic Gold Clusters: A Theoretical Study

2008

Aiming at understanding the elementary steps governing the oxidation of CO catalyzed by dispersed or supported gold nanoclusters, the reactivity of molecular species, such as O2 and CO, on neutral and positively charged Au13 clusters have been studied using a DFT approach. Two CO oxidation mechanisms have been simulated, involving respectively the adsorption of CO and O2 on adjacent catalytic sites (two-sites mechanism) and the competitive interaction of the reactants on the same site (single-site mechanism). It is demonstrated that in the former scheme a definite interaction of CO and O2 with both the charged and neutral cluster is effective, but that a chemical reaction between the adsorb…

Latter mechanismInorganic chemistryReaction pathPhotochemistryChemical reactionNeutral clusterNanoclustersCatalysisMolecular specieAdsorptionCompetitive interactionCluster (physics)Reactivity (chemistry)Physical and Theoretical ChemistrySupported golds Engineering main heading: Carbon monoxideEngineering controlled terms: AdsorptionPositively chargedOxidation Engineering uncontrolled terms: Catalytic siteDioxygenChemistryElementary stepCationic polymerizationOxidation of COCatalytic oxidationCO oxidationSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsFlow interactionGeneral EnergyCarbon dioxideCatalytic oxidationChemical oxygen demandCarbon clusterCationic gold clusterChemical reactionGold compoundThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Computational Investigation of Alkynols and Alkyndiols Hydrogenation on a Palladium Cluster

2013

The reaction path leading to the partial and total reduction of alkynols and alkyndiols with general formula R–CH2–C≡C–CH(OH)–R′ and R–CH(OH)–C≡C–CH(OH)–R′ (R, R′ = H, CH3) on a D3h symmetry Pd9 cl...

Palladium cluster hydrogenation reactions unsaturated alcoholschemistry.chemical_elementPhotochemistrySymmetry (physics)3. Good healthSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsReduction (complexity)General EnergychemistryCluster (physics)Physical chemistryReaction pathPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPalladiumThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Partial photocatalytic oxidation of glycerol in TiO2 water suspensions

2010

2nd European Conference on Environmental Applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes -- SEP 09-11, 2009 -- Nicosia, CYPRUS

Settore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria ChimicaAnataseTitanium DioxideAqueous solutionFormic acidElectrospray ionizationGlycerol partial oxidation Selective photocatalytic oxidation Titanium dioxide Reaction pathwaysInorganic chemistryAqueous two-phase systemGeneral ChemistryCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryGlyceraldehydeTitanium dioxideGlycerolSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieSelective Photocatalytic OxidationGlycerol Partial OxidationReaction Pathways
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Selective oxidation of phenol and benzoic acid in water via home-prepared TiO2 photocatalysts: Distribution of hydroxylation products

2012

Abstract The hydroxylation of phenol (a substrate containing an electron donor group) and of benzoic acid (a substrate containing an electron withdrawing group) has been carried out by the photocatalytic method in aqueous suspensions containing commercial or home prepared TiO2 samples. The aim of the work was to study the distribution of hydroxylation products when different photocatalysts were used and to correlate the selectivity to some physico-chemical features of the powders. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, determination of crystalline phase percentage, specific surface area and zero charge point. The photoreactivity results indicate that the prod…

Settore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria ChimicaProcess Chemistry and TechnologyInorganic chemistryElectron donorCatalysisCatalysisHydroxylationchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySelective hydroxylation Product distribution Benzoic acid Phenol Heterogeneous photocatalysis Reaction pathways Kinetics TiO2PhotocatalysisPhenolPartial oxidationSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieSelectivityBenzoic acid
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